Pressure pump



C. H. ATKINS.

PRESSURE PUMP.

APPLICATION HLED MAYI3.-I920.

1A1 6,3 1 4, I Patented May 16, 1922..

2 SHEETS-SHEET i.

INVENTOR,

Marla: Z Ji/Z'lhd,

A TTORNE 3.

C. H. ATKINS.

PRESSURE PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED M-AY13. 1920.

Patented May 16, 1922,

I 2 rSHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTORNE Y CHARLESH. ATKINS, OI" PALll'I-ER, MASSACHUSETTS,

PRESSURE PUMP,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1922.

T 0 aZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, Crrnnnns H. Arnnvs, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Palmer, in the county of Hampden and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pressure TPumps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pressure pumps for supplying liquid fuel under pressure to an internal combustion engine, and has for an object to provide a pump for the purpose of producing relatively high pressures and which can be operated at high speed. An-

ther object of the invention is to provide a pump without moving valves, and without packing glands, by adopting the principle of oscillating cylinders to cover and uncover the suction and discharge ports. A further object is to provide a pump of this type which is simple in construction, easily assembled and disassembled and one that is not likely to leak :under high pressures when inoperation. Other objects of the invention will be understood from the following specification and drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the pump with the cover of the inclosing casing removed,

and showing the-operating mechanism with in the casing.

Fig. 2 1s a cross sectlonal view of Fig. 1

through the axis of one of the pump cylinders and on a vertical plane passing through the :ZLXlS of the piston or plunger of the pump.

Fig.3 is a horizontal sectional view on a plane passing through the center line of the plungers and pump cylinders.

Fig. 4 .is vertical sectional view of the cylinders and valve mechanism with certain parts in section, and on a plane passing through the pump cyl nders and at right angles to the axis of the cylinders.

Fig. 5 1s a Each eccentric is provided with an eccentric strap 21 to which the pistons or plungers 22,

23, 24, and 25 are secured. These plungers,

therefore, have a reciprocating mot-ion imders 26, 27, 28, and 29 respectively,

' are supported from the The integral chambers 34 and 35 provided with a bushing 41 in which each alignment. The oscillating nected to the nipples 54 and detail view of the valve, or sue-- tion and discharge ports.

The

parted thereto when the shaft 13 is rotated. The plungers 22, 23, 24, and 25 are reciprocated, or move back and forth, in the cylinand as the shaft 13 is rotated, these cylinders are simultaneously oscillated, or have a rocking motion, in the chambers 34, 35, and 36 which casing 11 by the integral extensions 31, 32, and respectively. (See Fig.

Referring now to the port mechanism of the pump which is shown in Figs. 3 and 5. are each of theport members 44 fits tightly and are secured in place by means of the pins 45. The port members are slightly shorter than the bushings, leaving recessed spaces 39 at their ends, into which the disc shaped faces 37 and 38 of thecylinders 26, 27, 23, and 29 fit and turn as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Face 38 is a ground fit against the face of the port member 44, and is maintained tightly in this position by the expansion coil spring 43 in chamber 36. This coil spring is enclosed within the spacer forms a bearing for the opposite 'hub of the oscillating cylinder '27, to maintain it in cylinders are assembled with a spring on one side and a port member on the other, alternately, as shown, for any number of units for the purpose of maintaining an oil tight fit between the ports, as will be described.

The liquid fuel supply pipe is connected to a nipple 51, and the discharge pipes are con- 57. The supply feeds through passage 52 to the crosspassage 53 in the port member 44. The discharge to the nipple 54 connects by passage 55 to the cross-passage 56 in the port mem ber 44 and the nipple 5'? connects by passage 58 to cross-passage 59 opening to the other side of port member 44.

The plungers" comprise a rod of reduced diameter 62 on their upper end, fitting a correspondingly sized bore in the cylinder heads. This difference in diameter between the larger diameter of the plunger proper and the rod provides a compression chambushing 42 which ber 61 above the plunger proper through- The compression chamber 61 has a port 60 on the face 38 adjacent the port member 44, which in one position, aligns with the passage leading to the fuel supply pipe 51, and in another position, aligns with the passage leading to one of the discharge pipes 54 or 57. The relative position of the sup ply passage 58 in the port member i4 is shown by line a, Fig. 5; and the position of the discharge pipe is shown by line 6. The extension 32, Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 7) and the extension is a section taken on line a, as indicated on the port member, Fig. 5.

When the plunger movesdownwards, the cylinder is oscillated in the direction which aligns the port 60 with the fuel supply passage 53, thereby filling the compression chamber 61 with the liquid fuel. Continued rotation of shaft 13 oscillates the cylinder back, closing the supply connection and aligning port 60 with discharge passage 56 011 the outward stroke of the plunger, thereby discharging the liquid fuel in chamber 61. It is to be understood that the discharge port opens when the plunger reaches the end of its stroke and begins to return.

A separate set of discharge passages 56 and 59 are provided in the fixed port member 44 so that each face of this member may be used for an independent cylinder.

The port member 44, and in fact any part of the port mechanism is easily replaced by moving the half section of chambers 34, 85, or 36. Moreover, these parts are easily made, being produced largely by a turning process of machinery.

One of the uses of the pump is to supply a charge of liquid fuel under high pressure to internal combustion engines on the Diesel principle.

In operation, as the plungers are drawn inward, the cylinders are at the same time oscillated to cause the inlet port 60 to regis ter with the annular space 61, thereby drawing in or allowing the liquid fuel to fill this space; as the plunger starts to return the cylinder closes the port 60, the fuel confined in the space 61 is subjected to pressure. When the the outlet port, 56 or 59, being open permits the liquid fuel to escape into the cylinder of the engine. Since liquids are practically in.- compressible, it is important that the timing of opening and closing the ports be designed with great accuracy. It should be stated that when the'cylinders andplungers are in the horizontal position shown in Figs. 2 and lall of the ports are closed, but when the cylinder oscillates in either direction, either the inlet or delivery port will be instantly opened on account of the close arrangement of the ports, as shown in Figs. 4E and 5. This is necessary on account of the incompressibility of the liquid fuel.

pressure is sufliciently hi gh,

l Vhat I claim is:

1. In a pressure pump of the class de scribed, in combination, an oscillating cylinder having a compression chamber and a plunger chamber of diiferentdiameters and a port located midway of its length and in the compression chamber only, of a plunger of different diameters operating in said chambers, a stationary port member having a supply orifice and a discharge orifice, the port in said cylinder in one of itsv positions having communication with said compression chamber and with said supply orifice and in another one of its positions said chamber is in communication with said discharge orifice, and means for operating said cylinder and plunger.

2. In combination, a plurality of oscillating cylinders having ports therein, means for spacing them away from each other and including members having inlet and exhaust ports therein which register with the ports in the cylinders as they are oscillated, other members having means therein for forcing the cylinders against the first mentioned members.

A pressure pump for the purpose de-' scribed comprising In combination, a plurality of cylinders, means for spacing the same from each other, said means including expansion springs and blocks formed with ports therein which communicate with the cylinders. 1

4. In combination, a shaft, of a plurality of plungers, eccentric connections between the shaft and plungers for operating the plungers, a plurality of pivotally mounted cylinders in which said plungers operate to impart an oscillatingeach having a compression chamber, members between said holding the cylinders to their seats with said port members, a supply orifice and a discharge orifice in said port member, means for connecting said orifices alternately with said compression chamber.

5. In combination, a shaft, of a plurality of plungers, eccentric connections for operating the plungers from said shaft, a plurality of oscillating cylinders in which said plungers operate, and each having a compression chamber, port members spaced between said cylinders and each having a plurality of supply and discharge orifices, springs spaced between said cylinders and members, and means for connecting said supply and discharge orifices alternately with said compression chamber and said springs serving to hold said cylinders against said port members.

' 6. In apressure pump of the class described, incombination, a member having an inlet and an outlet passage, a port member snugly fitting said member and having matched inlet and outlet passages terminating on its port cylinders, springs for movement thereto, and

face, an oscillating cylinder having a compression chamber and a circular face to match the face of said port member and fitting partially within said member, means for connecting said inlet and said outlet passages alternately with said compression chamber and a plunger operating in said cylinder for imparting pressure to the liquid in said chamber.

7. In a pressure pump of the class described, in combination, a plurality of chamber members having inlet and outlet passages and other members without passages, the chamber members being spaced alternately with the other members without passages, port members fitting within said chambers with said passages and having matched passages terminating on their faces, oscillating cylinders, each having compression chambers and double circular pivotal faces, one of said faces fitting against said port member and the other of said faces fitting within said adjoining other member, means for connecting said passages with said compression chambers, and plungers operating in said cylinders.

8. In a pressure pump, tie combination, of a cylinder formed with a bore of different diameters, a plunger therein, and formed to fit the different diameters of the bore, that portion of the plunger which is of the smaller diameter being partially located within the bore of larger diameter and serving to subject a fluid to pressure in that portion when the plunger is operated, means for operating the plunger, and simultaneously oscillating the cylinder, and means for admitting the fluid to said portion of the bore. and for permitting the same to escape after compression when the cylinder and plunger are operated.

9. In a fluid pressure pump, the combination, of a pivotally mounted cylinder formed with a bore of diiferent diameters, a plunger formed with a shoulder and located there in, means for reciprocating the plunger and for oscillating the cylinder, the smaller part of the plunger serving to provide an annular compression chamber, the cylinder hav ing a port leading to said chamber, ameniber formed with a supply and discharge portwhich lines up with the port in the cylinder to admit the fluid which is to be pumped to the chamberand to discharge it from the chamber when the plunger has imparted the necessary pressure thereto and simultaneously with the oscillating movements.

10. In a pressure pump, the combination, with a plurality of oscillating cylinders having ports therein, members having inlet and exhaust ports therein for communicating with the ports in the cylinder which are located in the opposite ends of the members, springs between the cylinders for forcing the same against the port members, and means including plunger-s for oscillating the cylinders, all constructed and arranged for forcing liquid under pressure from the cylinders as the same are operated.

CHARLES H. ATKINS. 

